Daily Math Puzzle: 2026-05-21
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2026-05-21
An astronaut has four different colored helmets (red, blue, green, yellow) and four matching gloves (also red, blue, green, yellow). Over four consecutive days he will wear one helmet and one glove each day, using each helmet exactly once and each glove exactly once. However, on no day may the helmet and glove be the same color. How many possible ordered sequences of helmet‑glove pairs can the astronaut wear over the four days?
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Solution
9 — We need the number of ways to pair the four helmets with the four gloves so that no helmet is matched with a glove of the same color, and the order of the four days matters. This is a classic derangement problem for 4 items. The number of derangements D₄ is:
D₄ = 4! \left(1 - \frac{1}{1!} + \frac{1}{2!} - \frac{1}{3!} + \frac{1}{4!}\right) = 24 \left(1 - 1 + 0.5 - 0.1667 + 0.0417\right) = 24 \times 0.375 = 9.
Thus there are 9 distinct ways to assign the helmets to gloves without any matching colors, and each assignment corresponds to a unique ordered sequence for the four days. Therefore the correct answer is 9, which is choice C (index 2).
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