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Problem 11 - Olympiad

Two environmental scientists are debating the effectiveness of a new policy aimed at reducing plastic waste. Scientist R asserts the policy is working, pointing to a 15% reduction in plastic litter found in urban areas. Scientist S contends the policy is largely ineffective, arguing that the reported reduction is merely a displacement of waste to rural areas and increased incineration, rather than a true reduction in plastic consumption. Which type of data would be most important for Scientist S to collect to support her claim?

Correct: C

Scientist S argues that the reduction in urban litter is due to displacement to rural areas and increased incineration, not a true reduction in consumption. Therefore, collecting data on plastic litter in rural areas and incineration plant emission data (Choice C) would directly test Scientist S's specific claims of displacement and alternative disposal methods. If these data show increases, it supports Scientist S's viewpoint. Choice A would directly address overall consumption but isn't specific to Scientist S's displacement claim.