Problem 16 - Entrance Test

Statements: 1. No dog is a cat. 2. All cats are furry. Conclusions: I. No dog is furry. II. Some furry things are not dogs.

A. A. Only conclusion I follows.B. B. Only conclusion II follows.C. C. Either conclusion I or II follows.D. D. Neither conclusion I nor II follows.E. E. Both conclusions I and II follow.

Correct: B

Let's represent the statements: Statement 1: No dog is a cat. (Dogs circle and Cats circle are separate). Statement 2: All cats are furry. (Cats circle is entirely inside Furry circle). Now, let's analyze the conclusions: I. No dog is furry. We know 'No dog is a cat' and 'All cats are furry'. This means dogs are separate from the portion of furry things that are cats. However, there could be other furry things (not cats) that could be dogs. So, Conclusion I does not necessarily follow. II. Some furry things are not dogs. Since 'All cats are furry' (Statement 2) and 'No dog is a cat' (Statement 1), it implies that the group of 'cats' (which are also 'furry') cannot be 'dogs'. Therefore, 'Some furry things (specifically, the cats that are furry) are not dogs' is a valid conclusion. Thus, Conclusion II follows. Therefore, only conclusion II follows.