Problem 13 - Entrance Test

Statements: 1. All files are folders. 2. No folder is a document. Conclusions: I. No file is a document. II. Some folders are files.

A. A. Only conclusion I follows.B. B. Only conclusion II follows.C. C. Either conclusion I or II follows.D. D. Neither conclusion I nor II follows.E. E. Both conclusions I and II follow.

Correct: E

Let's represent the statements: Statement 1: All files are folders. (Files circle is entirely inside Folders circle). Statement 2: No folder is a document. (Folders circle and Documents circle are separate). Now, let's analyze the conclusions: I. No file is a document. Since 'All files are folders' and 'No folder is a document', it means that if files are inside folders, and folders are separate from documents, then files must also be separate from documents. Thus, Conclusion I follows directly. II. Some folders are files. If 'All files are folders', it means that all the members of the 'Files' set are also members of the 'Folders' set. Therefore, 'Some folders are files' (specifically, the folders that contain files) is a valid conclusion. Thus, Conclusion II follows. Therefore, both conclusions I and II follow.