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Problem 1 - Olympiad

During gas exchange in the human respiratory system, which of the following components carries the highest percentage of carbon dioxide in blood?

Correct: A

Approximately 70% of CO2 is transported as bicarbonate ions (HCO3⁻) in plasma, formed via CO2 reacting with water in red blood cells. Carbaminohemoglobin carries ~23%, and dissolved CO2 accounts for ~7%. Carbonic acid conversion is part of the bicarbonate pathway but is not the primary form.