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Problem 7 - Entrance Test

A recent study found a strong correlation between the consumption of processed foods and the prevalence of obesity. However, the study did not establish a causal relationship. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument that processed food consumption causes obesity?

Correct: E

Option E provides the strongest evidence of a causal relationship because it describes a controlled experiment where calorie intake was held constant. If the group consuming processed foods gained more weight despite equal calorie intake, it strongly suggests that the processed foods themselves contributed to the weight gain. The other options provide correlation but do not definitively establish causation. For instance, people who eat processed food *may* exercise less, but the processed food itself could still be causing weight gain independently.