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Problem 2 - Entrance Test

A novel infectious agent is discovered that causes a neurodegenerative disease in mammals. Analysis reveals it consists solely of a misfolded protein and lacks any nucleic acid. Which of the following taxonomic concepts best describes this agent?

Correct: C

The description of an infectious agent composed solely of a misfolded protein and lacking nucleic acid perfectly matches the definition of a prion. Prions are responsible for diseases like Mad Cow Disease (BSE) and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Viroids are infectious RNA molecules without a protein coat. Viruses consist of genetic material (DNA or RNA) enclosed in a protein coat (capsid). Bacteriophages are viruses that specifically infect bacteria.