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Problem 2 - Entrance Test

Despite the initial skepticism surrounding the efficacy of renewable energy sources, advancements in photovoltaic technology and grid infrastructure have _______ demonstrated their viability as a sustainable alternative to traditional fossil fuels, _______ the long-held belief that renewable energy is merely a utopian ideal.

Correct: A

The correct answer is 'convincingly; thereby refuting'. The adverb 'convincingly' modifies the verb 'demonstrated'. The participial phrase 'thereby refuting' correctly connects the demonstration of viability to the refutation of the belief. 'Therefore refuted' implies a passive construction that doesn't fit the active voice of the sentence. 'Convincing' is an adjective and cannot modify the verb. 'Thus refute' doesn't maintain tense consistency.