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Problem 2 - Entrance Test

Passage: Cognitive scientists observe that bilingualism enhances certain cognitive abilities, such as problem-solving and task-switching. However, they caution that these benefits manifest primarily in contexts where languages are actively used and compared. Contrary to popular belief, passive bilingualism—where one language is rarely engaged—does not confer significant cognitive advantages.

Correct: B

Option 1 correctly identifies the conditional nature of the benefits as stated in the passage. Option 0 ignores the 'actively used' condition. Option 2 directly contradicts the passage's assertion. Option 3 overgeneralizes the findings.