Daily Olympiad: Science - Life Processes [20260511]

Solution

Correct: B

Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, which contain chlorophyll and are responsible for absorbing light energy. Mitochondria are involved in respiration, the nucleus controls cellular activities, and vacuoles store substances.

Solution

Correct: C

Muscle cells undergo lactic acid fermentation during anaerobic respiration, producing lactic acid. Ethyl alcohol is a product of fermentation in yeast, while oxygen and carbon dioxide are associated with aerobic processes.

Solution

Correct: B

Pepsin is the primary enzyme in the stomach for breaking down proteins. Amylase digests carbohydrates, trypsin is secreted by the pancreas, and lipase breaks down fats.

Solution

Correct: B

Bile emulsifies fats into smaller droplets, increasing the surface area for lipase to act. It does not digest proteins or carbohydrates and is not involved in vitamin absorption.

Solution

Correct: C

The small intestine's inner walls have villi and microvilli, significantly increasing the surface area for nutrient absorption. The stomach digests food, the large intestine absorbs water, and the liver produces bile.

Solution

Correct: C

Xylem vessels transport water and minerals absorbed by roots to the rest of the plant. Phloem transports food, and hormones are carried via sap diffusion or specialized pathways.