1. What is the primary objective of the Aditya-L1 mission launched in 2023?
Solution
Correct: B
Aditya-L1 (Advanced Technology Solar Research) is the first dedicated solar observation mission by ISRO to study solar emissions in various wavelengths. The L1 orbit allows continuous observation of the Sun without eclipses.
2. Which international treaty aims to protect at least 30% of the Earth's land and ocean areas by 2030?
Solution
Correct: B
The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, adopted at COP15 in 2022, sets a target (Target 3) to protect 30% of global land and sea areas by 2030. The Paris Agreement focuses on climate action.
3. What does the term 'PESA' refer to in Indian governance?
Solution
Correct: B
PESA (1996) empowers gram panchayats in tribal areas to manage local resources, reflecting self-governance for Scheduled Tribes as per the Constitution. It does not extend to non-tribal regions.
4. Which of these is NOT a provision of the National Food Security Act, 2013?
Solution
Correct: B
The Act covers 75% rural and 50% urban populations (not universal). Provisions include food grain distribution, school meals, maternity entitlements, and legal redress for supply disruptions.
5. Which Indian city hosted the 2022 G20 Sustainable Oceanic Research Group meeting?
Solution
Correct: A
The G20 SORG-2022 meeting was held in Mumbai to address marine biodiversity conservation and sustainable oceanic development, aligning with the 'Oceans 2030' initiative.