1. Which gas do we breathe IN for respiration?
Solution
Correct: A
Oxygen is taken in by the lungs and used by body cells to break down food and release energy.
2. The simple sugar broken down during respiration is called _____.
Solution
Correct: A
Glucose is the small sugar molecule that cells split to release energy during respiration.
3. During respiration, energy is released in the form of _____.
Solution
Correct: A
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the usable energy currency produced when glucose is broken down.
4. The waste gas produced during respiration is _____.
Solution
Correct: A
Carbon dioxide is made when glucose combines with oxygen and is exhaled by the lungs.
5. Tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs in the lungs are called _____.
Solution
Correct: A
Alveoli are microscopic balloon-like structures with thin walls that allow oxygen to enter the blood and carbon dioxide to leave it.
6. The muscle below the lungs that helps breathing is the _____.
Solution
Correct: A
The diaphragm contracts and flattens to pull air into the lungs and relaxes to push air out.
7. True or False: Plants also carry out respiration.
Solution
Correct: A
Plants respire day and night, using oxygen to break down food and release energy for life processes.
8. Insects breathe through small openings along their body called _____.
Solution
Correct: A
Spiracles are tiny holes connected to tubes (tracheae) that carry air directly to insect tissues.
9. The total chemical equation for respiration is: Glucose + Oxygen → _____.
Solution
Correct: A
Complete respiration converts glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and usable energy.
10. Breathing rate increases during exercise because the body needs more _____.
Written response required.
Solution
Correct: N/A
Extra oxygen is required to release additional energy for contracting muscles during exercise.
11. Match the organ to its job: Alveoli
Solution
Correct: A
Alveoli are specialized for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between air and blood.
12. The windpipe that carries air to the lungs is the _____.
Solution
Correct: A
The trachea is a rigid tube kept open by rings of cartilage, directing air from the larynx to the bronchi.
13. True or False: Fish use gills to absorb dissolved oxygen from water.
Solution
Correct: A
Gills have thin filaments with large surface areas that extract dissolved oxygen as water flows over them.
14. The blood cells that carry oxygen are called _____.
Solution
Correct: A
Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen in the lungs and releases it in tissues.
15. During heavy exercise, muscles may respire without enough oxygen, producing _____.
Solution
Correct: A
Anaerobic respiration in muscles forms lactic acid, causing temporary fatigue and soreness.
16. The process of moving air in and out of the lungs is called _____.
Solution
Correct: A
Breathing (ventilation) is the mechanical movement of air, while respiration is the chemical energy release inside cells.
17. True or False: The left lung is slightly smaller to make room for the heart.
Solution
Correct: A
The heart tilts toward the left side, so the left lung has a cardiac notch that reduces its size.
18. The voice box that contains vocal cords is the _____.
Solution
Correct: A
Air passing over stretched vocal cords in the larynx makes them vibrate, producing sound.
19. The flap that prevents food from entering the windpipe is the _____.
Solution
Correct: A
The epiglottis folds over the trachea during swallowing, directing food into the esophagus.
20. The part of the brain that controls the rate of breathing is the _____.
Solution
Correct: A
The medulla senses carbon dioxide levels in the blood and adjusts breathing automatically.
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